Names & Taxonomy
- Uniprot ID:
- P36873
- Entry Name:
- PP1G_HUMAN
- Status:
- reviewed
- Protein Names:
- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit (PP-1G) (EC 3.1.3.16) (Protein phosphatase 1C catalytic subunit)
- Gene Names:
- PPP1CC
- Gene Names Primary:
- PPP1CC
- Organism:
- Homo sapiens (Human)
Structure
- Length:
- 323
- Sequence:
- MADLDKLNIDSIIQRLLEVRGSKPGKNVQLQENEIRGLCLKSREIFLSQPILLELEAPLKICGDIHGQYYDLLRLFEYGGFPPESNYLFLGDYVDRGKQSLETICLLLAYKIKYPENFFLLRGNHECASINRIYGFYDECKRRYNIKLWKTFTDCFNCLPIAAIVDEKIFCCHGGLSPDLQSMEQIRRIMRPTDVPDQGLLCDLLWSDPDKDVLGWGENDRGVSFTFGAEVVAKFLHKHDLDLICRAHQVVEDGYEFFAKRQLVTLFSAPNYCGEFDNAGAMMSVDETLMCSFQILKPAEKKKPNATRPVTPPRGMITKQAKK
- Proteomes:
- UP000005640
Subcellular location
- Subcellular Location:
- Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Nucleus, nucleolus. Nucleus, nucleoplasm. Nucleus speckle. Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore. Cleavage furrow. Midbody. Mitochondrion. Note=Colocalizes with SPZ1 in the nucleus (By similarity). Colocalizes with URI1 at mitochondrion. Rapidly exchanges between the nucleolar, nucleoplasmic and cytoplasmic compartments. Highly mobile in cells and can be relocalized through interaction with targeting subunits. In the presence of PPP1R8 relocalizes from the nucleolus to nuclear speckles. Shows a dynamic targeting to specific sites throughout the cell cycle. Highly concentrated in nucleoli of interphase cells and localizes at kinetochores early in mitosis. Relocalization to chromosome-containing regions occurs at the transition from early to late anaphase. Also accumulates at the cleavage furrow and midbody by telophase.
Function
- Function:
- Protein phosphatase that associates with over 200 regulatory proteins to form highly specific holoenzymes which dephosphorylate hundreds of biological targets. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is essential for cell division, and participates in the regulation of glycogen metabolism, muscle contractility and protein synthesis. Dephosphorylates RPS6KB1. Involved in regulation of ionic conductances and long-term synaptic plasticity. May play an important role in dephosphorylating substrates such as the postsynaptic density-associated Ca(2+)/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II. Component of the PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex, which plays a role in the control of chromatin structure and cell cycle progression during the transition from mitosis into interphase. In balance with CSNK1D and CSNK1E, determines the circadian period length, through the regulation of the speed and rhythmicity of PER1 and PER2 phosphorylation. May dephosphorylate CSNK1D and CSNK1E. Dephosphorylates the 'Ser-418' residue of FOXP3 in regulatory T-cells (Treg) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective (PubMed:23396208).
- Catalytic Activity:
- -serine/threonine phosphate + H(2)O = -serine/threonine + phosphate.
- Cofactor:
- COFACTOR: Name=Mn(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29035;
- Enzyme Regulation:
- ENZYME REGULATION: Inactivated by binding to URI1. The phosphatase activity of the PPP1R15A-PP1 complex toward EIF2S1 is specifically inhibited by Salubrinal, a drug that protects cells from endoplasmic reticulum stress.
- Active Site:
- ACT_SITE 125 125 Proton donor.
- Gene Ontology Go:
- cleavage furrow
condensed chromosome kinetochore
cytoplasm
cytosol
dendritic spine
focal adhesion
midbody
mitochondrial outer membrane
mitochondrion
MLL5-L complex
nuclear speck
nucleolus
nucleus
protein complex
PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex
metal ion binding
phosphatase activity
phosphoprotein phosphatase activity
poly(A) RNA binding
protein kinase binding
protein N-terminus binding
protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity
cell division
circadian regulation of gene expression
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod
glycogen metabolic process
mitotic cell cycle
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
neuron differentiation
protein dephosphorylation
regulation of circadian rhythm
regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport
small GTPase mediated signal transduction
small molecule metabolic process
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
triglyceride catabolic process - Gene Ontology Biological Process:
- cell division
circadian regulation of gene expression
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod
glycogen metabolic process
mitotic cell cycle
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
neuron differentiation
protein dephosphorylation
regulation of circadian rhythm
regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport
small GTPase mediated signal transduction
small molecule metabolic process
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
triglyceride catabolic process - Gene Ontology Molecular Function:
- metal ion binding
phosphatase activity
phosphoprotein phosphatase activity
poly(A) RNA binding
protein kinase binding
protein N-terminus binding
protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity - Gene Ontology Cellular Component:
- cleavage furrow
condensed chromosome kinetochore
cytoplasm
cytosol
dendritic spine
focal adhesion
midbody
mitochondrial outer membrane
mitochondrion
MLL5-L complex
nuclear speck
nucleolus
nucleus
protein complex
PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex - Keywords:
- 3D-structure
Acetylation
Alternative splicing
Biological rhythms
Carbohydrate metabolism
Cell cycle
Cell division
Centromere
Chromosome
Complete proteome
Cytoplasm
Direct protein sequencing
Disulfide bond
Glycogen metabolism
Hydrolase
Kinetochore
Manganese
Metal-binding
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
Phosphoprotein
Polymorphism
Protein phosphatase
Reference proteome - Interacts With:
- A1DRY3; P38398; O95400; O08785; Q96S65; Q9H175; P41236; Q7Z5V6; Q96S59; Q5JR98; P04637; Q13625; Q13625-3; O94763; O95405