Names & Taxonomy
- Uniprot ID:
- P23415
- Entry Name:
- GLRA1_HUMAN
- Status:
- reviewed
- Protein Names:
- Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1 (Glycine receptor 48 kDa subunit) (Glycine receptor strychnine-binding subunit)
- Gene Names:
- GLRA1
- Gene Names Primary:
- GLRA1
- Organism:
- Homo sapiens (Human)
Structure
- Length:
- 457
- Sequence:
- MYSFNTLRLYLWETIVFFSLAASKEAEAARSAPKPMSPSDFLDKLMGRTSGYDARIRPNFKGPPVNVSCNIFINSFGSIAETTMDYRVNIFLRQQWNDPRLAYNEYPDDSLDLDPSMLDSIWKPDLFFANEKGAHFHEITTDNKLLRISRNGNVLYSIRITLTLACPMDLKNFPMDVQTCIMQLESFGYTMNDLIFEWQEQGAVQVADGLTLPQFILKEEKDLRYCTKHYNTGKFTCIEARFHLERQMGYYLIQMYIPSLLIVILSWISFWINMDAAPARVGLGITTVLTMTTQSSGSRASLPKVSYVKAIDIWMAVCLLFVFSALLEYAAVNFVSRQHKELLRFRRKRRHHKSPMLNLFQEDEAGEGRFNFSAYGMGPACLQAKDGISVKGANNSNTTNPPPAPSKSPEEMRKLFIQRAKKIDKISRIGFPMAFLIFNMFYWIIYKIVRREDVHNQ
- Proteomes:
- UP000005640
Subcellular location
- Subcellular Location:
- Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane
Function
- Function:
- Glycine receptors are ligand-gated chloride channels (PubMed:23994010, PubMed:25730860). Channel opening is triggered by extracellular glycine (PubMed:2155780, PubMed:7920629, PubMed:14551753, PubMed:16144831, PubMed:22715885, PubMed:22973015, PubMed:25973519, PubMed:9009272). Channel opening is also triggered by taurine and beta-alanine (PubMed:16144831, PubMed:9009272). Channel characteristics depend on the subunit composition; heteropentameric channels are activated by lower glycine levels and display faster desensitization (PubMed:14551753). Plays an important role in the down-regulation of neuronal excitability (PubMed:8298642, PubMed:9009272). Contributes to the generation of inhibitory postsynaptic currents (PubMed:25445488). Channel activity is potentiated by ethanol (PubMed:25973519). Potentiation of channel activity by intoxicating levels ot ethanol contribute to the sedative effects of ethanol (By similarity).
- Kinetics:
- BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: ; Kinetic parameters: Note=A concentration of about 0.02 mM glycine results in half-maximal channel conductance for homopentamers. A concentration of 0.018 mM glycine results in half-maximal channel conductance for homopentamers upon heterologous expression in cultured human embryonic kidney cells (PubMed:9009272). A concentration of 0.027 mM glycine results in half-maximal channel conductance for homopentamers upon heterologous expression in cultured human embryonic kidney cells (PubMed:7920629).
- Enzyme Regulation:
- ENZYME REGULATION: Channel activity is potentiated by nanomolar concentrations of Zn(2+); half-maximal activation is observed with 37 nM Zn(2+) (PubMed:16144831). Inhibited by higher Zn(2+) levels; haf-maximal inhibition occurs at 20 uM Zn(2+) (PubMed:16144831). Inhibited by strychnine (PubMed:2155780, PubMed:16144831, PubMed:25445488). Inhibited by lindane (PubMed:25445488). Inhibited by picrotoxin (PubMed:22715885, PubMed:23994010, PubMed:25730860). Strychnine binding locks the channel in a closed conformation and prevents channel opening in response to extracellular glycine (By similarity).
- Cross Reference Drug Bank:
- DB01189 DB00228 DB00898 DB01381 DB00145 DB01159 DB00753 DB00431 DB01028 DB01236
- Gene Ontology Go:
- cell junction
chloride channel complex
dendrite
endoplasmic reticulum
external side of plasma membrane
inhibitory synapse
integral component of membrane
integral component of plasma membrane
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
neuron projection
neuronal cell body
perikaryon
plasma membrane
postsynaptic membrane
synapse
extracellular-glycine-gated chloride channel activity
glycine binding
taurine binding
transmitter-gated ion channel activity
zinc ion binding
acrosome reaction
action potential
adult walking behavior
cellular response to amino acid stimulus
cellular response to ethanol
cellular response to zinc ion
chloride transmembrane transport
chloride transport
inhibitory postsynaptic potential
ion transmembrane transport
ion transport
muscle contraction
negative regulation of transmission of nerve impulse
neuromuscular process controlling posture
neuropeptide signaling pathway
positive regulation of acrosome reaction
protein heterooligomerization
protein homooligomerization
regulation of membrane potential
regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by neurological system process
response to alcohol
response to amino acid
righting reflex
startle response
synaptic transmission, glycinergic
transmembrane transport
visual perception - Gene Ontology Biological Process:
- acrosome reaction
action potential
adult walking behavior
cellular response to amino acid stimulus
cellular response to ethanol
cellular response to zinc ion
chloride transmembrane transport
chloride transport
inhibitory postsynaptic potential
ion transmembrane transport
ion transport
muscle contraction
negative regulation of transmission of nerve impulse
neuromuscular process controlling posture
neuropeptide signaling pathway
positive regulation of acrosome reaction
protein heterooligomerization
protein homooligomerization
regulation of membrane potential
regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by neurological system process
response to alcohol
response to amino acid
righting reflex
startle response
synaptic transmission, glycinergic
transmembrane transport
visual perception - Gene Ontology Molecular Function:
- extracellular-glycine-gated chloride channel activity
glycine binding
taurine binding
transmitter-gated ion channel activity
zinc ion binding - Gene Ontology Cellular Component:
- cell junction
chloride channel complex
dendrite
endoplasmic reticulum
external side of plasma membrane
inhibitory synapse
integral component of membrane
integral component of plasma membrane
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
neuronal cell body
neuron projection
perikaryon
plasma membrane
postsynaptic membrane
synapse - Keywords:
- 3D-structure
Alternative splicing
Cell junction
Cell membrane
Cell projection
Chloride
Chloride channel
Complete proteome
Disease mutation
Disulfide bond
Glycoprotein
Ion channel
Ion transport
Ligand-gated ion channel
Membrane
Metal-binding
Postsynaptic cell membrane
Receptor
Reference proteome
Signal
Synapse
Transmembrane
Transmembrane helix
Transport
Zinc