Names & Taxonomy

Uniprot ID:
Q16881
Entry Name:
TRXR1_HUMAN
Status:
reviewed
Protein Names:
Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic (TR) (EC 1.8.1.9) (Gene associated with retinoic and interferon-induced mortality 12 protein) (GRIM-12) (Gene associated with retinoic and IFN-induced mortality 12 protein) (KM-102-derived reductase-like factor) (Thioredoxin reductase TR1)
Gene Names:
TXNRD1 GRIM12 KDRF
Gene Names Primary:
TXNRD1
Organism:
Homo sapiens (Human)

Structure

Length:
649
Sequence:
MGCAEGKAVAAAAPTELQTKGKNGDGRRRSAKDHHPGKTLPENPAGFTSTATADSRALLQAYIDGHSVVIFSRSTCTRCTEVKKLFKSLCVPYFVLELDQTEDGRALEGTLSELAAETDLPVVFVKQRKIGGHGPTLKAYQEGRLQKLLKMNGPEDLPKSYDYDLIIIGGGSGGLAAAKEAAQYGKKVMVLDFVTPTPLGTRWGLGGTCVNVGCIPKKLMHQAALLGQALQDSRNYGWKVEETVKHDWDRMIEAVQNHIGSLNWGYRVALREKKVVYENAYGQFIGPHRIKATNNKGKEKIYSAERFLIATGERPRYLGIPGDKEYCISSDDLFSLPYCPGKTLVVGASYVALECAGFLAGIGLDVTVMVRSILLRGFDQDMANKIGEHMEEHGIKFIRQFVPIKVEQIEAGTPGRLRVVAQSTNSEEIIEGEYNTVMLAIGRDACTRKIGLETVGVKINEKTGKIPVTDEEQTNVPYIYAIGDILEDKVELTPVAIQAGRLLAQRLYAGSTVKCDYENVPTTVFTPLEYGACGLSEEKAVEKFGEENIEVYHSYFWPLEWTIPSRDNNKCYAKIICNTKDNERVVGFHVLGPNAGEVTQGFAAALKCGLTKKQLDSTIGIHPVCAEVFTTLSVTKRSGASILQAGCUG
Proteomes:
UP000005640

Subcellular location

Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm

Function

Function:
Isoform 1 may possess glutaredoxin activity as well as thioredoxin reductase activity and induces actin and tubulin polymerization, leading to formation of cell membrane protrusions. Isoform 4 enhances the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptors alpha and beta while isoform 5 enhances the transcriptional activity of the beta receptor only. Isoform 5 also mediates cell death induced by a combination of interferon-beta and retinoic acid.
Catalytic Activity:
Thioredoxin + NADP(+) = thioredoxin disulfide + NADPH.
Cofactor:
COFACTOR: Name=FAD; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:57692; ; Note=Binds 1 FAD per subunit.;
Active Site:
ACT_SITE 622 622 Proton acceptor.
Cross Reference Drug Bank:
DB01169 DB03147
Gene Ontology Go:
cytosol
extracellular exosome
mitochondrion
nucleus
electron carrier activity
flavin adenine dinucleotide binding
methylseleninic acid reductase activity
methylselenol reductase activity
protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity
thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity
cell proliferation
cell redox homeostasis
cellular lipid metabolic process
cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
cellular oxidant detoxification
gene expression
mesoderm formation
nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion
nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process
response to reactive oxygen species
selenium compound metabolic process
signal transduction
small molecule metabolic process
transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter
Gene Ontology Biological Process:
cell proliferation
cell redox homeostasis
cellular lipid metabolic process
cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process
cellular oxidant detoxification
gene expression
mesoderm formation
nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion
nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process
response to reactive oxygen species
selenium compound metabolic process
signal transduction
small molecule metabolic process
transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter
Gene Ontology Molecular Function:
electron carrier activity
flavin adenine dinucleotide binding
methylseleninic acid reductase activity
methylselenol reductase activity
protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity
thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity
Gene Ontology Cellular Component:
cytosol
extracellular exosome
mitochondrion
nucleus
Keywords:
3D-structure
Acetylation
Alternative splicing
Complete proteome
Cytoplasm
Direct protein sequencing
Disulfide bond
Electron transport
FAD
Flavoprotein
NADP
Nucleus
Oxidoreductase
Phosphoprotein
Polymorphism
Redox-active center
Reference proteome
Selenocysteine
Transport
Ubl conjugation
Interacts With:
Q03135; P03372; Q92731

Publication

PubMed ID:
7589432 8999974 9774665 14980707 14702039 16541075 15489334 8650234 8577704 15379556 15199063 15592455 16815975 18042542 19413330 19690332 21269460 22223895 17512005