Names & Taxonomy
- Uniprot ID:
- Q13085
- Entry Name:
- ACACA_HUMAN
- Status:
- reviewed
- Protein Names:
- Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) (EC 6.4.1.2) (ACC-alpha) [Includes: Biotin carboxylase (EC 6.3.4.14)]
- Gene Names:
- ACACA ACAC ACC1 ACCA
- Gene Names Primary:
- ACACA
- Organism:
- Homo sapiens (Human)
Structure
- Length:
- 2346
- Sequence:
- MDEPSPLAQPLELNQHSRFIIGSVSEDNSEDEISNLVKLDLLEEKEGSLSPASVGSDTLSDLGISSLQDGLALHIRSSMSGLHLVKQGRDRKKIDSQRDFTVASPAEFVTRFGGNKVIEKVLIANNGIAAVKCMRSIRRWSYEMFRNERAIRFVVMVTPEDLKANAEYIKMADHYVPVPGGPNNNNYANVELILDIAKRIPVQAVWAGWGHASENPKLPELLLKNGIAFMGPPSQAMWALGDKIASSIVAQTAGIPTLPWSGSGLRVDWQENDFSKRILNVPQELYEKGYVKDVDDGLQAAEEVGYPVMIKASEGGGGKGIRKVNNADDFPNLFRQVQAEVPGSPIFVMRLAKQSRHLEVQILADQYGNAISLFGRDCSVQRRHQKIIEEAPATIATPAVFEHMEQCAVKLAKMVGYVSAGTVEYLYSQDGSFYFLELNPRLQVEHPCTEMVADVNLPAAQLQIAMGIPLYRIKDIRMMYGVSPWGDSPIDFEDSAHVPCPRGHVIAARITSENPDEGFKPSSGTVQELNFRSNKNVWGYFSVAAAGGLHEFADSQFGHCFSWGENREEAISNMVVALKELSIRGDFRTTVEYLIKLLETESFQMNRIDTGWLDRLIAEKVQAERPDTMLGVVCGALHVADVSLRNSVSNFLHSLERGQVLPAHTLLNTVDVELIYEGVKYVLKVTRQSPNSYVVIMNGSCVEVDVHRLSDGGLLLSYDGSSYTTYMKEEVDRYRITIGNKTCVFEKENDPSVMRSPSAGKLIQYIVEDGGHVFAGQCYAEIEVMKMVMTLTAVESGCIHYVKRPGAALDPGCVLAKMQLDNPSKVQQAELHTGSLPRIQSTALRGEKLHRVFHYVLDNLVNVMNGYCLPDPFFSSKVKDWVERLMKTLRDPSLPLLELQDIMTSVSGRIPPNVEKSIKKEMAQYASNITSVLCQFPSQQIANILDSHAATLNRKSEREVFFMNTQSIVQLVQRYRSGIRGHMKAVVMDLLRQYLRVETQFQNGHYDKCVFALREENKSDMNTVLNYIFSHAQVTKKNLLVTMLIDQLCGRDPTLTDELLNILTELTQLSKTTNAKVALRARQVLIASHLPSYELRHNQVESIFLSAIDMYGHQFCIENLQKLILSETSIFDVLPNFFYHSNQVVRMAALEVYVRRAYIAYELNSVQHRQLKDNTCVVEFQFMLPTSHPNRGNIPTLNRMSFSSNLNHYGMTHVASVSDVLLDNSFTPPCQRMGGMVSFRTFEDFVRIFDEVMGCFSDSPPQSPTFPEAGHTSLYDEDKVPRDEPIHILNVAIKTDCDIEDDRLAAMFREFTQQNKATLVDHGIRRLTFLVAQKDFRKQVNYEVDRRFHREFPKFFTFRARDKFEEDRIYRHLEPALAFQLELNRMRNFDLTAIPCANHKMHLYLGAAKVEVGTEVTDYRFFVRAIIRHSDLVTKEASFEYLQNEGERLLLEAMDELEVAFNNTNVRTDCNHIFLNFVPTVIMDPSKIEESVRSMVMRYGSRLWKLRVLQAELKINIRLTPTGKAIPIRLFLTNESGYYLDISLYKEVTDSRTAQIMFQAYGDKQGPLHGMLINTPYVTKDLLQSKRFQAQSLGTTYIYDIPEMFRQSLIKLWESMSTQAFLPSPPLPSDMLTYTELVLDDQGQLVHMNRLPGGNEIGMVAWKMTFKSPEYPEGRDIIVIGNDITYRIGSFGPQEDLLFLRASELARAEGIPRIYVSANSGARIGLAEEIRHMFHVAWVDPEDPYKGYRYLYLTPQDYKRVSALNSVHCEHVEDEGESRYKITDIIGKEEGIGPENLRGSGMIAGESSLAYNEIITISLVTCRAIGIGAYLVRLGQRTIQVENSHLILTGAGALNKVLGREVYTSNNQLGGIQIMHNNGVTHCTVCDDFEGVFTVLHWLSYMPKSVHSSVPLLNSKDPIDRIIEFVPTKTPYDPRWMLAGRPHPTQKGQWLSGFFDYGSFSEIMQPWAQTVVVGRARLGGIPVGVVAVETRTVELSIPADPANLDSEAKIIQQAGQVWFPDSAFKTYQAIKDFNREGLPLMVFANWRGFSGGMKDMYDQVLKFGAYIVDGLRECCQPVLVYIPPQAELRGGSWVVIDSSINPRHMEMYADRESRGSVLEPEGTVEIKFRRKDLVKTMRRVDPVYIHLAERLGTPELSTAERKELENKLKEREEFLIPIYHQVAVQFADLHDTPGRMQEKGVISDILDWKTSRTFFYWRLRRLLLEDLVKKKIHNANPELTDGQIQAMLRRWFVEVEGTVKAYVWDNNKDLAEWLEKQLTEEDGVHSVIEENIKCISRDYVLKQIRSLVQANPEVAMDSIIHMTQHISPTQRAEVIRILSTMDSPST
- Proteomes:
- UP000005640
Subcellular location
- Subcellular Location:
- Cytoplasm.
Function
- Function:
- Catalyzes the rate-limiting reaction in the biogenesis of long-chain fatty acids. Carries out three functions: biotin carboxyl carrier protein, biotin carboxylase and carboxyltransferase.
- Pathway:
- Lipid metabolism; malonyl-CoA biosynthesis; malonyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA: step 1/1.
- Catalytic Activity:
- ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO(3)(-) = ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA.
- Cofactor:
- COFACTOR: Name=biotin; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:57586; ; COFACTOR: Name=Mn(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29035; ; Note=Binds 2 manganese ions per subunit.;
- Enzyme Regulation:
- ENZYME REGULATION: By phosphorylation (By similarity). Activity is increased by oligomerization. Citrate and MID1IP1 promote oligomerization.
- Active Site:
- ACT_SITE 441 441
- Cross Reference Drug Bank:
- DB00121
- Gene Ontology Go:
- actin cytoskeleton
cytoplasm
cytosol
extracellular exosome
mitochondrion
nucleolus
acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity
ATP binding
biotin carboxylase activity
metal ion binding
acetyl-CoA metabolic process
biotin metabolic process
carnitine shuttle
cellular lipid metabolic process
cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus
energy reserve metabolic process
fatty acid biosynthetic process
lipid homeostasis
long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA biosynthetic process
malonyl-CoA biosynthetic process
multicellular organismal protein metabolic process
positive regulation of cellular metabolic process
protein homotetramerization
small molecule metabolic process
tissue homeostasis
triglyceride biosynthetic process
vitamin metabolic process
water-soluble vitamin metabolic process - Gene Ontology Biological Process:
- acetyl-CoA metabolic process
biotin metabolic process
carnitine shuttle
cellular lipid metabolic process
cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus
energy reserve metabolic process
fatty acid biosynthetic process
lipid homeostasis
long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA biosynthetic process
malonyl-CoA biosynthetic process
multicellular organismal protein metabolic process
positive regulation of cellular metabolic process
protein homotetramerization
small molecule metabolic process
tissue homeostasis
triglyceride biosynthetic process
vitamin metabolic process
water-soluble vitamin metabolic process - Gene Ontology Molecular Function:
- acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity
ATP binding
biotin carboxylase activity
metal ion binding - Gene Ontology Cellular Component:
- actin cytoskeleton
cytoplasm
cytosol
extracellular exosome
mitochondrion
nucleolus - Keywords:
- 3D-structure
ATP-binding
Acetylation
Allosteric enzyme
Alternative promoter usage
Biotin
Complete proteome
Cytoplasm
Direct protein sequencing
Fatty acid biosynthesis
Fatty acid metabolism
Ligase
Lipid biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
Manganese
Metal-binding
Multifunctional enzyme
Nucleotide-binding
Phosphoprotein
Polymorphism
Reference proteome - Interacts With:
- O60218; P38398; Q96EB6