Names & Taxonomy
- Uniprot ID:
- P14174
- Entry Name:
- MIF_HUMAN
- Status:
- reviewed
- Protein Names:
- Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) (EC 5.3.2.1) (Glycosylation-inhibiting factor) (GIF) (L-dopachrome isomerase) (L-dopachrome tautomerase) (EC 5.3.3.12) (Phenylpyruvate tautomerase)
- Gene Names:
- MIF GLIF MMIF
- Gene Names Primary:
- MIF
- Organism:
- Homo sapiens (Human)
Structure
- Length:
- 115
- Sequence:
- MPMFIVNTNVPRASVPDGFLSELTQQLAQATGKPPQYIAVHVVPDQLMAFGGSSEPCALCSLHSIGKIGGAQNRSYSKLLCGLLAERLRISPDRVYINYYDMNAANVGWNNSTFA
- Proteomes:
- UP000005640
Subcellular location
- Subcellular Location:
- Secreted
Function
- Function:
- Pro-inflammatory cytokine. Involved in the innate immune response to bacterial pathogens. The expression of MIF at sites of inflammation suggests a role as mediator in regulating the function of macrophages in host defense. Counteracts the anti-inflammatory activity of glucocorticoids. Has phenylpyruvate tautomerase and dopachrome tautomerase activity (in vitro), but the physiological substrate is not known. It is not clear whether the tautomerase activity has any physiological relevance, and whether it is important for cytokine activity.
- Catalytic Activity:
- Keto-phenylpyruvate = enol-phenylpyruvate.; L-dopachrome = 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylate.
- Kinetics:
- BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: KM=249 uM for phenylpyruvate
- Active Site:
- ACT_SITE 2 2 Proton acceptor; via imino nitrogen.
- Gene Ontology Go:
- cell surface
cytoplasm
extracellular exosome
extracellular region
extracellular space
myelin sheath
nucleoplasm
vesicle
chemoattractant activity
cytokine activity
cytokine receptor binding
dopachrome isomerase activity
phenylpyruvate tautomerase activity
receptor binding
blood coagulation
carboxylic acid metabolic process
cell aging
cell proliferation
cell surface receptor signaling pathway
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator
inflammatory response
innate immune response
leukocyte migration
negative regulation of apoptotic process
negative regulation of cell aging
negative regulation of cell cycle arrest
negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process
negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator
negative regulation of gene expression
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator
negative regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process
negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process
positive chemotaxis
positive regulation of arachidonic acid secretion
positive regulation of B cell proliferation
positive regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production
positive regulation of cytokine secretion
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation
positive regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway
positive regulation of MAP kinase activity
positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte cytokine production involved in immune response
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
positive regulation of phosphorylation
positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion involved in immune response
positive regulation of protein kinase A signaling
prostaglandin biosynthetic process
protein homotrimerization
regulation of macrophage activation - Gene Ontology Biological Process:
- blood coagulation
carboxylic acid metabolic process
cell aging
cell proliferation
cell surface receptor signaling pathway
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator
inflammatory response
innate immune response
leukocyte migration
negative regulation of apoptotic process
negative regulation of cell aging
negative regulation of cell cycle arrest
negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process
negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator
negative regulation of gene expression
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator
negative regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process
negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process
positive chemotaxis
positive regulation of arachidonic acid secretion
positive regulation of B cell proliferation
positive regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production
positive regulation of cytokine secretion
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation
positive regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway
positive regulation of MAP kinase activity
positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte cytokine production involved in immune response
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
positive regulation of phosphorylation
positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion involved in immune response
positive regulation of protein kinase A signaling
prostaglandin biosynthetic process
protein homotrimerization
regulation of macrophage activation - Gene Ontology Molecular Function:
- chemoattractant activity
cytokine activity
cytokine receptor binding
dopachrome isomerase activity
phenylpyruvate tautomerase activity
receptor binding - Gene Ontology Cellular Component:
- cell surface
cytoplasm
extracellular exosome
extracellular region
extracellular space
myelin sheath
nucleoplasm
vesicle - Keywords:
- 3D-structure
Acetylation
Complete proteome
Cytokine
Cytoplasm
Direct protein sequencing
Immunity
Inflammatory response
Innate immunity
Isomerase
Reference proteome
Secreted - Interacts With:
- O43521-2