Names & Taxonomy

Uniprot ID:
P04406
Entry Name:
G3P_HUMAN
Status:
reviewed
Protein Names:
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (EC 1.2.1.12) (Peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase GAPDH) (EC 2.6.99.-)
Gene Names:
GAPDH GAPD CDABP0047 OK/SW-cl.12
Gene Names Orf:
CDABP0047 OK/SW-cl.12
Gene Names Primary:
GAPDH
Organism:
Homo sapiens (Human)

Structure

Length:
335
Sequence:
MGKVKVGVNGFGRIGRLVTRAAFNSGKVDIVAINDPFIDLNYMVYMFQYDSTHGKFHGTVKAENGKLVINGNPITIFQERDPSKIKWGDAGAEYVVESTGVFTTMEKAGAHLQGGAKRVIISAPSADAPMFVMGVNHEKYDNSLKIISNASCTTNCLAPLAKVIHDNFGIVEGLMTTVHAITATQKTVDGPSGKLWRDGRGALQNIIPASTGAAKAVGKVIPELNGKLTGMAFRVPTANVSVVDLTCRLEKPAKYDDIKKVVKQASEGPLKGILGYTEHQVVSSDFNSDTHSSTFDAGAGIALNDHFVKLISWYDNEFGYSNRVVDLMAHMASKE
Proteomes:
UP000005640

Subcellular location

Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm, cytosol

Function

Function:
Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations through its ability to stimulate the binding of CHP1 to microtubules (By similarity). Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate. Component of the GAIT (gamma interferon-activated inhibitor of translation) complex which mediates interferon-gamma-induced transcript-selective translation inhibition in inflammation processes. Upon interferon-gamma treatment assembles into the GAIT complex which binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements in the 3'-UTR of diverse inflammatory mRNAs (such as ceruplasmin) and suppresses their translation.
Pathway:
Carbohydrate degradation; glycolysis; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 1/5.
Catalytic Activity:
D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + phosphate + NAD(+) = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + NADH.
Active Site:
ACT_SITE 152 152 Nucleophile.
Gene Ontology Go:
cytoplasm
cytosol
extracellular exosome
GAIT complex
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
intracellular ribonucleoprotein complex
lipid particle
membrane
microtubule cytoskeleton
nuclear membrane
nucleus
perinuclear region of cytoplasm
plasma membrane
vesicle
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity
identical protein binding
microtubule binding
NAD binding
NADP binding
peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase activity
canonical glycolysis
carbohydrate metabolic process
cellular response to interferon-gamma
gluconeogenesis
glucose metabolic process
microtubule cytoskeleton organization
negative regulation of translation
neuron apoptotic process
peptidyl-cysteine S-trans-nitrosylation
protein stabilization
regulation of macroautophagy
small molecule metabolic process
Gene Ontology Biological Process:
canonical glycolysis
carbohydrate metabolic process
cellular response to interferon-gamma
gluconeogenesis
glucose metabolic process
microtubule cytoskeleton organization
negative regulation of translation
neuron apoptotic process
peptidyl-cysteine S-trans-nitrosylation
protein stabilization
regulation of macroautophagy
small molecule metabolic process
Gene Ontology Molecular Function:
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity
identical protein binding
microtubule binding
NAD binding
NADP binding
peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase activity
Gene Ontology Cellular Component:
cytoplasm
cytosol
extracellular exosome
GAIT complex
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
intracellular ribonucleoprotein complex
lipid particle
membrane
microtubule cytoskeleton
nuclear membrane
nucleus
perinuclear region of cytoplasm
plasma membrane
vesicle
Keywords:
3D-structure
ADP-ribosylation
Acetylation
Alternative splicing
Apoptosis
Complete proteome
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Direct protein sequencing
Glycolysis
Membrane
Methylation
NAD
Nucleus
Oxidation
Oxidoreductase
Phosphoprotein
Polymorphism
Reference proteome
S-nitrosylation
Transferase
Translation regulation
Ubl conjugation
Interacts With:
Itself; Q60823; P00533; P35228; P12004; P00558; P48147; P15927; P05109; Q9BSI4

Publication

PubMed ID:
6096136 6096821 2987855 3664468 3027061 3170585 1924305 10944468 16541075 15489334 7030790 12665801 7498159 1193541 11724794 12829261 15479637 15628863 15592455 17081983 16501887 16815975 18183946 18669648 19413330 19001379 19690332 19608861 20644585 20068231 21269460 21908771 21406692 22905912 22771119 23071094 22814378 25417112 25086035 24275569 25944712 957435 16239728 16510976