Names & Taxonomy

Uniprot ID:
P00973
Entry Name:
OAS1_HUMAN
Status:
reviewed
Protein Names:
2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 1 ((2-5')oligo(A) synthase 1) (2-5A synthase 1) (EC 2.7.7.84) (E18/E16) (p46/p42 OAS)
Gene Names:
OAS1 OIAS
Gene Names Primary:
OAS1
Organism:
Homo sapiens (Human)

Structure

Length:
400
Sequence:
MMDLRNTPAKSLDKFIEDYLLPDTCFRMQINHAIDIICGFLKERCFRGSSYPVCVSKVVKGGSSGKGTTLRGRSDADLVVFLSPLTTFQDQLNRRGEFIQEIRRQLEACQRERAFSVKFEVQAPRWGNPRALSFVLSSLQLGEGVEFDVLPAFDALGQLTGGYKPNPQIYVKLIEECTDLQKEGEFSTCFTELQRDFLKQRPTKLKSLIRLVKHWYQNCKKKLGKLPPQYALELLTVYAWERGSMKTHFNTAQGFRTVLELVINYQQLCIYWTKYYDFKNPIIEKYLRRQLTKPRPVILDPADPTGNLGGGDPKGWRQLAQEAEAWLNYPCFKNWDGSPVSSWILLAESNSADDETDDPRRYQKYGYIGTHEYPHFSHRPSTLQAASTPQAEEDWTCTIL
Proteomes:
UP000005640

Subcellular location

Subcellular Location:
Cytoplasm

Function

Function:
Interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme which plays a critical role in cellular innate antiviral response. In addition, it may also play a role in other cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation. Synthesizes higher oligomers of 2'-5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A) from ATP which then bind to the inactive monomeric form of ribonuclease L (RNase L) leading to its dimerization and subsequent activation. Activation of RNase L leads to degradation of cellular as well as viral RNA, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis, thus terminating viral replication. Can mediate the antiviral effect via the classical RNase L-dependent pathway or an alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L. The secreted form displays antiviral effect against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and stimulates the alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L.
Catalytic Activity:
3 ATP = pppA2'p5'A2'p5'A + 2 diphosphate.
Cofactor:
COFACTOR: Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420;
Kinetics:
BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: KM=0.31 mM for ATP
Enzyme Regulation:
ENZYME REGULATION: Produced as a latent enzyme which is activated by dsRNA generated during the course of viral infection. The dsRNA activator must be at least 15 nucleotides long, and no modification of the 2'-hydroxyl group is tolerated. ssRNA or dsDNA do not act as activators.
Gene Ontology Go:
cytoplasm
cytosol
endoplasmic reticulum
extracellular region
mitochondrion
nucleus
2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity
ATP binding
double-stranded RNA binding
metal ion binding
zinc ion binding
cellular response to interferon-alpha
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
defense response to virus
glucose homeostasis
glucose metabolic process
interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
negative regulation of viral genome replication
protein oligomerization
purine nucleotide biosynthetic process
regulation of ribonuclease activity
response to virus
type I interferon signaling pathway
Gene Ontology Biological Process:
cellular response to interferon-alpha
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
defense response to virus
glucose homeostasis
glucose metabolic process
interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
negative regulation of viral genome replication
protein oligomerization
purine nucleotide biosynthetic process
regulation of ribonuclease activity
response to virus
type I interferon signaling pathway
Gene Ontology Molecular Function:
2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity
ATP binding
double-stranded RNA binding
metal ion binding
zinc ion binding
Gene Ontology Cellular Component:
cytoplasm
cytosol
endoplasmic reticulum
extracellular region
mitochondrion
nucleus
Keywords:
3D-structure
ATP-binding
Alternative splicing
Antiviral defense
Complete proteome
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum
Immunity
Innate immunity
Magnesium
Metal-binding
Microsome
Mitochondrion
Nucleotide-binding
Nucleotidyltransferase
Nucleus
Polymorphism
RNA-binding
Reference proteome
Secreted
Transferase
Interacts With:
P12814; Q8IW24; Q96LA8; P14373

Publication

PubMed ID:
2416561 3753689 3754863 1651324 17024523 14702039 16541075 15489334 3121313 2830497 2456211 2411547 6348777 9407111 10464285 12799444 17408844 18931074 19923450 19203244 19904482 21269460 21142819 23319625