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Names & Taxonomy

Uniprot ID:: Q96GD4
Entry Name:: AURKB_HUMAN
Status:: reviewed
Protein Names:: Aurora kinase B (EC 2.7.11.1) (Aurora 1) (Aurora- and IPL1-like midbody-associated protein 1) (AIM-1) (Aurora/IPL1-related kinase 2) (ARK-2) (Aurora-related kinase 2) (STK-1) (Serine/threonine-protein kinase 12) (Serine/threonine-protein kinase 5) (Serine/threonine-protein kinase aurora-B)
Gene Names:: AURKB AIK2 AIM1 AIRK2 ARK2 STK1 STK12 STK5
Gene Names Primary:: AURKB
Organism:: Homo sapiens (Human)

Structure

Length:: 344
Sequence:: MAQKENSYPWPYGRQTAPSGLSTLPQRVLRKEPVTPSALVLMSRSNVQPTAAPGQKVMENSSGTPDILTRHFTIDDFEIGRPLGKGKFGNVYLAREKKSHFIVALKVLFKSQIEKEGVEHQLRREIEIQAHLHHPNILRLYNYFYDRRRIYLILEYAPRGELYKELQKSCTFDEQRTATIMEELADALMYCHGKKVIHRDIKPENLLLGLKGELKIADFGWSVHAPSLRRKTMCGTLDYLPPEMIEGRMHNEKVDLWCIGVLCYELLVGNPPFESASHNETYRRIVKVDLKFPASVPMGAQDLISKLLRHNPSERLPLAQVSAHPWVRANSRRVLPPSALQSVA
Proteomes:: UP000005640

Subcellular location

Subcellular Location:: Nucleus. Chromosome. Chromosome, centromere. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle. Midbody. Note=Localizes on chromosome arms and inner centromeres from prophase through metaphase and then transferring to the spindle midzone and midbody from anaphase through cytokinesis. Colocalized with gamma tubulin in the mid-body. Proper localization of the active, Thr-232-phosphorylated form during metaphase may be dependent upon interaction with SPDYC. Colocalized with SIRT2 during cytokinesis with the midbody.

Function

Function:: Serine/threonine-protein kinase component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Involved in the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores and is a key regulator for the onset of cytokinesis during mitosis. Required for central/midzone spindle assembly and cleavage furrow formation. Key component of the cytokinesis checkpoint, a process required to delay abscission to prevent both premature resolution of intercellular chromosome bridges and accumulation of DNA damage: phosphorylates CHMP4C, leading to retain abscission-competent VPS4 (VPS4A and/or VPS4B) at the midbody ring until abscission checkpoint signaling is terminated at late cytokinesis (PubMed:22422861, PubMed:24814515). AURKB phosphorylates the CPC complex subunits BIRC5/survivin, CDCA8/borealin and INCENP. Phosphorylation of INCENP leads to increased AURKB activity. Other known AURKB substrates involved in centromeric functions and mitosis are CENPA, DES/desmin, GPAF, KIF2C, NSUN2, RACGAP1, SEPT1, VIM/vimentin, GSG2/Haspin, and histone H3. A positive feedback loop involving GSG2 and AURKB contributes to localization of CPC to centromeres. Phosphorylation of VIM controls vimentin filament segregation in cytokinetic process, whereas histone H3 is phosphorylated at 'Ser-10' and 'Ser-28' during mitosis (H3S10ph and H3S28ph, respectively). A positive feedback between GSG2 and AURKB contributes to CPC localization. AURKB is also required for kinetochore localization of BUB1 and SGOL1. Phosphorylation of p53/TP53 negatively regulates its transcriptional activity. Key regulator of active promoters in resting B- and T-lymphocytes: acts by mediating phosphorylation of H3S28ph at active promoters in resting B-cells, inhibiting RNF2/RING1B-mediated ubiquitination of histone H2A and enhancing binding and activity of the USP16 deubiquitinase at transcribed genes.
Catalytic Activity:: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.
Cofactor:: COFACTOR: Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420;
Enzyme Regulation:: ENZYME REGULATION: Activity is greatly increased when AURKB is within the CPC complex. In particular, AURKB-phosphorylated INCENP acts as an activator of AURKB. Positive feedback between GSG2 and AURKB contributes to CPC localization.
Active Site:: ACT_SITE 200 200 Proton acceptor.
Gene Ontology Go:: chromocenter
chromosome passenger complex
condensed chromosome, centromeric region
condensed nuclear chromosome, centromeric region
cytosol
intercellular bridge
midbody
nucleoplasm
nucleus
spindle
spindle microtubule
spindle midzone
spindle pole centrosome
ATP binding
histone serine kinase activity
metal ion binding
protein serine/threonine kinase activity
protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity
abscission
aging
anaphase-promoting complex-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore
cell proliferation
cellular protein metabolic process
cellular response to UV
cleavage furrow formation
histone H3-S28 phosphorylation
histone modification
mitotic cell cycle
mitotic spindle midzone assembly
negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process
negative regulation of cytokinesis
negative regulation of protein binding
negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
positive regulation of cytokinesis
positive regulation of telomerase activity
positive regulation of telomere capping
positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase
post-translational protein modification
protein autophosphorylation
protein localization to kinetochore
protein phosphorylation
protein sumoylation
regulation of chromosome segregation
small GTPase mediated signal transduction
spindle checkpoint
spindle stabilization
Gene Ontology Biological Process:: abscission
aging
anaphase-promoting complex-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore
cell proliferation
cellular protein metabolic process
cellular response to UV
cleavage furrow formation
histone H3-S28 phosphorylation
histone modification
mitotic cell cycle
mitotic spindle midzone assembly
negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process
negative regulation of cytokinesis
negative regulation of protein binding
negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
positive regulation of cytokinesis
positive regulation of telomerase activity
positive regulation of telomere capping
positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase
post-translational protein modification
protein autophosphorylation
protein localization to kinetochore
protein phosphorylation
protein sumoylation
regulation of chromosome segregation
small GTPase mediated signal transduction
spindle checkpoint
spindle stabilization
Gene Ontology Molecular Function:: ATP binding
histone serine kinase activity
metal ion binding
protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity
protein serine/threonine kinase activity
Gene Ontology Cellular Component:: chromocenter
chromosome passenger complex
condensed chromosome, centromeric region
condensed nuclear chromosome, centromeric region
cytosol
intercellular bridge
midbody
nucleoplasm
nucleus
spindle
spindle microtubule
spindle midzone
spindle pole centrosome
Keywords:: 3D-structure
ATP-binding
Alternative splicing
Cell cycle
Cell division
Centromere
Chromosome
Complete proteome
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Kinase
Magnesium
Metal-binding
Mitosis
Nucleotide-binding
Nucleus
Phosphoprotein
Polymorphism
Reference proteome
Serine/threonine-protein kinase
Transferase
Ubl conjugation
Interacts With:: O15392; O15392-1; O15392-2; Q16543; Q86XJ1; P08238; Q9NQS7; P06748; Q8WYJ6; O75410-6

Names & Taxonomy

Structure

Subcellular location

Function

Publication