Names & Taxonomy
- Uniprot ID:
- Q96FI4
- Entry Name:
- NEIL1_HUMAN
- Status:
- reviewed
- Protein Names:
- Endonuclease 8-like 1 (EC 3.2.2.-) (EC 4.2.99.18) (DNA glycosylase/AP lyase Neil1) (DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase Neil1) (Endonuclease VIII-like 1) (FPG1) (Nei homolog 1) (NEH1) (Nei-like protein 1)
- Gene Names:
- NEIL1
- Gene Names Primary:
- NEIL1
- Organism:
- Homo sapiens (Human)
Structure
- Length:
- 390
- Sequence:
- MPEGPELHLASQFVNEACRALVFGGCVEKSSVSRNPEVPFESSAYRISASARGKELRLILSPLPGAQPQQEPLALVFRFGMSGSFQLVPREELPRHAHLRFYTAPPGPRLALCFVDIRRFGRWDLGGKWQPGRGPCVLQEYQQFRENVLRNLADKAFDRPICEALLDQRFFNGIGNYLRAEILYRLKIPPFEKARSVLEALQQHRPSPELTLSQKIRTKLQNPDLLELCHSVPKEVVQLGGKGYGSESGEEDFAAFRAWLRCYGMPGMSSLQDRHGRTIWFQGDPGPLAPKGRKSRKKKSKATQLSPEDRVEDALPPSKAPSRTRRAKRDLPKRTATQRPEGTSLQQDPEAPTVPKKGRRKGRQAASGHCRPRKVKADIPSLEPEGTSAS
- Proteomes:
- UP000005640
Subcellular location
- Subcellular Location:
- Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome
Function
- Function:
- Involved in base excision repair of DNA damaged by oxidation or by mutagenic agents. Acts as DNA glycosylase that recognizes and removes damaged bases. Has a preference for oxidized pyrimidines, such as thymine glycol, formamidopyrimidine (Fapy) and 5-hydroxyuracil. Has marginal activity towards 8-oxoguanine. Has AP (apurinic/apyrimidinic) lyase activity and introduces nicks in the DNA strand. Cleaves the DNA backbone by beta-delta elimination to generate a single-strand break at the site of the removed base with both 3'- and 5'-phosphates. Has DNA glycosylase/lyase activity towards mismatched uracil and thymine, in particular in U:C and T:C mismatches. Specifically binds 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), suggesting that it acts as a specific reader of 5hmC.
- Catalytic Activity:
- Removes damaged bases from DNA, leaving an abasic site.; The C-O-P bond 3' to the apurinic or apyrimidinic site in DNA is broken by a beta-elimination reaction, leaving a 3'-terminal unsaturated sugar and a product with a terminal 5'-phosphate.
- Active Site:
- ACT_SITE 2 2 Schiff-base intermediate with DNA.
- Cross Reference Drug Bank:
- DB03754
- Gene Ontology Go:
- chromosome
cytoplasm
microtubule organizing center
nucleoplasm
nucleus
damaged DNA binding
DNA N-glycosylase activity
DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity
hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds
protein C-terminus binding
zinc ion binding
base-excision repair
base-excision repair, AP site formation
depyrimidination
DNA repair
negative regulation of nuclease activity
nucleotide-excision repair
response to oxidative stress - Gene Ontology Biological Process:
- base-excision repair
base-excision repair, AP site formation
depyrimidination
DNA repair
negative regulation of nuclease activity
nucleotide-excision repair
response to oxidative stress - Gene Ontology Molecular Function:
- damaged DNA binding
DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity
DNA N-glycosylase activity
hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds
protein C-terminus binding
zinc ion binding - Gene Ontology Cellular Component:
- chromosome
cytoplasm
microtubule organizing center
nucleoplasm
nucleus - Keywords:
- 3D-structure
Chromosome
Complete proteome
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
DNA damage
DNA repair
DNA-binding
Glycosidase
Hydrolase
Lyase
Multifunctional enzyme
Nucleus
Polymorphism
RNA editing
Reference proteome