Names & Taxonomy
- Uniprot ID:
- P19440
- Entry Name:
- GGT1_HUMAN
- Status:
- reviewed
- Protein Names:
- Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1 (GGT 1) (EC 2.3.2.2) (Gamma-glutamyltransferase 1) (Glutathione hydrolase 1) (EC 3.4.19.13) (Leukotriene-C4 hydrolase) (EC 3.4.19.14) (CD antigen CD224) [Cleaved into: Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1 heavy chain; Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 1 light chain]
- Gene Names:
- GGT1 GGT
- Gene Names Primary:
- GGT1
- Organism:
- Homo sapiens (Human)
Structure
- Length:
- 569
- Sequence:
- MKKKLVVLGLLAVVLVLVIVGLCLWLPSASKEPDNHVYTRAAVAADAKQCSKIGRDALRDGGSAVDAAIAALLCVGLMNAHSMGIGGGLFLTIYNSTTRKAEVINAREVAPRLAFATMFNSSEQSQKGGLSVAVPGEIRGYELAHQRHGRLPWARLFQPSIQLARQGFPVGKGLAAALENKRTVIEQQPVLCEVFCRDRKVLREGERLTLPQLADTYETLAIEGAQAFYNGSLTAQIVKDIQAAGGIVTAEDLNNYRAELIEHPLNISLGDVVLYMPSAPLSGPVLALILNILKGYNFSRESVESPEQKGLTYHRIVEAFRFAYAKRTLLGDPKFVDVTEVVRNMTSEFFAAQLRAQISDDTTHPISYYKPEFYTPDDGGTAHLSVVAEDGSAVSATSTINLYFGSKVRSPVSGILFNNEMDDFSSPSITNEFGVPPSPANFIQPGKQPLSSMCPTIMVGQDGQVRMVVGAAGGTQITTATALAIIYNLWFGYDVKRAVEEPRLHNQLLPNVTTVERNIDQAVTAALETRHHHTQIASTFIAVVQAIVRTAGGWAAASDSRKGGEPAGY
- Proteomes:
- UP000005640
Subcellular location
- Subcellular Location:
- Cell membrane
Function
- Function:
- Cleaves the gamma-glutamyl bond of extracellular glutathione (gamma-Glu-Cys-Gly), glutathione conjugates, and other gamma-glutamyl compounds. The metabolism of glutathione releases free glutamate and the dipeptide, cysteinyl-glycine, which is hydrolyzed to cysteine and glycine by dipeptidases. In the presence of high concentrations of dipeptides and some amino acids, can also catalyze a transpeptidation reaction, transferring the gamma-glutamyl moiety to an acceptor amino acid to form a new gamma-glutamyl compound. Initiates extracellular glutathione (GSH) breakdown, provides cells with a local cysteine supply and contributes to maintain intracellular GSH level. It is part of the cell antioxidant defense mechanism. Isoform 3 seems to be inactive.
- Pathway:
- Sulfur metabolism; glutathione metabolism.
- Catalytic Activity:
- A (5-L-glutamyl)-peptide + an amino acid = a peptide + a 5-L-glutamyl amino acid.
- Enzyme Regulation:
- ENZYME REGULATION: Activated by autocatalytic cleavage.
- Active Site:
- ACT_SITE 381 381 Nucleophile.
- Cross Reference Drug Bank:
- DB00143
- Gene Ontology Go:
- anchored component of external side of plasma membrane
extracellular exosome
extracellular space
integral component of membrane
plasma membrane
gamma-glutamyltransferase activity
glutathione hydrolase activity
arachidonic acid metabolic process
cellular amino acid metabolic process
cysteine biosynthetic process
glutamate metabolic process
glutathione biosynthetic process
glutathione catabolic process
glutathione derivative biosynthetic process
glutathione metabolic process
leukotriene biosynthetic process
leukotriene metabolic process
regulation of immune system process
regulation of inflammatory response
small molecule metabolic process
spermatogenesis
xenobiotic metabolic process
zymogen activation - Gene Ontology Biological Process:
- arachidonic acid metabolic process
cellular amino acid metabolic process
cysteine biosynthetic process
glutamate metabolic process
glutathione biosynthetic process
glutathione catabolic process
glutathione derivative biosynthetic process
glutathione metabolic process
leukotriene biosynthetic process
leukotriene metabolic process
regulation of immune system process
regulation of inflammatory response
small molecule metabolic process
spermatogenesis
xenobiotic metabolic process
zymogen activation - Gene Ontology Molecular Function:
- gamma-glutamyltransferase activity
glutathione hydrolase activity - Gene Ontology Cellular Component:
- anchored component of external side of plasma membrane
extracellular exosome
extracellular space
integral component of membrane
plasma membrane - Keywords:
- 3D-structure
Acyltransferase
Alternative promoter usage
Alternative splicing
Cell membrane
Complete proteome
Direct protein sequencing
Disulfide bond
Glutathione biosynthesis
Glycoprotein
Hydrolase
Membrane
Polymorphism
Protease
Reference proteome
Sialic acid
Signal-anchor
Transferase
Transmembrane
Transmembrane helix
Zymogen