Names & Taxonomy
- Uniprot ID:
- P00973
- Entry Name:
- OAS1_HUMAN
- Status:
- reviewed
- Protein Names:
- 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 1 ((2-5')oligo(A) synthase 1) (2-5A synthase 1) (EC 2.7.7.84) (E18/E16) (p46/p42 OAS)
- Gene Names:
- OAS1 OIAS
- Gene Names Primary:
- OAS1
- Organism:
- Homo sapiens (Human)
Structure
- Length:
- 400
- Sequence:
- MMDLRNTPAKSLDKFIEDYLLPDTCFRMQINHAIDIICGFLKERCFRGSSYPVCVSKVVKGGSSGKGTTLRGRSDADLVVFLSPLTTFQDQLNRRGEFIQEIRRQLEACQRERAFSVKFEVQAPRWGNPRALSFVLSSLQLGEGVEFDVLPAFDALGQLTGGYKPNPQIYVKLIEECTDLQKEGEFSTCFTELQRDFLKQRPTKLKSLIRLVKHWYQNCKKKLGKLPPQYALELLTVYAWERGSMKTHFNTAQGFRTVLELVINYQQLCIYWTKYYDFKNPIIEKYLRRQLTKPRPVILDPADPTGNLGGGDPKGWRQLAQEAEAWLNYPCFKNWDGSPVSSWILLAESNSADDETDDPRRYQKYGYIGTHEYPHFSHRPSTLQAASTPQAEEDWTCTIL
- Proteomes:
- UP000005640
Subcellular location
- Subcellular Location:
- Cytoplasm
Function
- Function:
- Interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme which plays a critical role in cellular innate antiviral response. In addition, it may also play a role in other cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation. Synthesizes higher oligomers of 2'-5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A) from ATP which then bind to the inactive monomeric form of ribonuclease L (RNase L) leading to its dimerization and subsequent activation. Activation of RNase L leads to degradation of cellular as well as viral RNA, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis, thus terminating viral replication. Can mediate the antiviral effect via the classical RNase L-dependent pathway or an alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L. The secreted form displays antiviral effect against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and stimulates the alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L.
- Catalytic Activity:
- 3 ATP = pppA2'p5'A2'p5'A + 2 diphosphate.
- Cofactor:
- COFACTOR: Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420;
- Kinetics:
- BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES: Kinetic parameters: KM=0.31 mM for ATP
- Enzyme Regulation:
- ENZYME REGULATION: Produced as a latent enzyme which is activated by dsRNA generated during the course of viral infection. The dsRNA activator must be at least 15 nucleotides long, and no modification of the 2'-hydroxyl group is tolerated. ssRNA or dsDNA do not act as activators.
- Gene Ontology Go:
- cytoplasm
cytosol
endoplasmic reticulum
extracellular region
mitochondrion
nucleus
2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity
ATP binding
double-stranded RNA binding
metal ion binding
zinc ion binding
cellular response to interferon-alpha
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
defense response to virus
glucose homeostasis
glucose metabolic process
interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
negative regulation of viral genome replication
protein oligomerization
purine nucleotide biosynthetic process
regulation of ribonuclease activity
response to virus
type I interferon signaling pathway - Gene Ontology Biological Process:
- cellular response to interferon-alpha
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
defense response to virus
glucose homeostasis
glucose metabolic process
interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
negative regulation of viral genome replication
protein oligomerization
purine nucleotide biosynthetic process
regulation of ribonuclease activity
response to virus
type I interferon signaling pathway - Gene Ontology Molecular Function:
- 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity
ATP binding
double-stranded RNA binding
metal ion binding
zinc ion binding - Gene Ontology Cellular Component:
- cytoplasm
cytosol
endoplasmic reticulum
extracellular region
mitochondrion
nucleus - Keywords:
- 3D-structure
ATP-binding
Alternative splicing
Antiviral defense
Complete proteome
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum
Immunity
Innate immunity
Magnesium
Metal-binding
Microsome
Mitochondrion
Nucleotide-binding
Nucleotidyltransferase
Nucleus
Polymorphism
RNA-binding
Reference proteome
Secreted
Transferase - Interacts With:
- P12814; Q8IW24; Q96LA8; P14373